The earliest scientists first observed the waves that earthquakes produce before they could accurately describe the nature of earthquakes or their fundamental causes, as discussed in Lessons 1–5.

For more than a century, scientists have known that waves can behave in ways that seem to defy common sense, from freak walls of water in the open ocean to ghostly ripples inside atoms. What has ...

Each image was processed and projected, and the 0.5 μμm wavelength was selected to detect the wave packets. Images A, B, D, F, and G are at Ls≈150°; Image C at Ls≈285°; Image E at Ls≈245°. Image G is ...