The review reports that blockchain-enhanced federated learning systems typically achieve slightly lower raw accuracy than ...

Fraud detection is defined by a structural imbalance that has long challenged data-driven systems. Fraudulent transactions typically account for a fraction of a percent of total transaction volume, ...

“Fraud detection today is about precision, not just protection. The ability to differentiate legitimate customers from ...

Fraud detection is no longer enough to protect today’s financial ecosystem. As digital transactions increase, banks require ...