Raspberry Pi and other SBCs can boot an operating system from SD cards and USB devices. I own multiple SD cards and am a fan of swapping them to instantly switch to a different OS, such as RetroPie, ...
It is very normal to have multiple operating systems installed on a PC. If you need to use Linux and Windows for your work purposes or any other purposes, the obvious option you have is dual-booting ...
Trying out different operating systems on the PinePhone is as simple as flashing a bootable disk image to a microSD card, inserting it in the phone, and powering it on and the instructions for ...