Over the past 30 years, the depth of seasonal thawing of the upper permafrost layer in Russia has increased from 45 to 70 cm, placing 1,260 km of major gas pipelines and thousands of kilometers of roads in the danger zone.

Economic and military pressures could force Russia’s hand. Its economy is strained but not enough to do that, analysts say. And President Vladimir V. Putin says Russia is winning the war.

India gave Russia's leader a warm welcome in his first visit since his country invaded Ukraine. The visit in part signaled India's defiance of the U.S., which has punished New Delhi for buying Russian oil.

They stressed co-production and co-innovation, expansion of the export basket, finalizing an FTA with the Eurasian Economic Union, and revitalizing connectivity projects.

Russians are starting to notice. In a recent survey, says Vladimir Zvonovsky, a sociologist in the Russian city of Samara, the number of those saying their well-being was deteriorating was triple those saying it was improving. It is now at the highest level since the start of the war.

The probability of changing educational class was 52-53% in China compared to 45-46% in Russia, but roughly 68-81% of China's mobility and 57-68% of Russia's came from structural change rather than exchange mobility. At the steady state, Russia shows greater educational mobility, at about 42%, than China, which tracked at 19-27%.

As the White House tries to curb Moscow's energy income, Vladimir Putin enjoys a warm welcome in India, and promises an "uninterrupted supply" of Russian fuel.

NEW DELHI (AP) — Russian President Vladimir Putin held talks with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday at an annual summit and agreed to diversify mutual economic ties, as the United States presses India to revise its decades-old partnership with Russia.

Russia reported the steepest drop in annual inflation so far this year, data from the state statistics agency showed Wednesday, as high interest rates cool off the war economy. Ramped-up military spending had boosted the Russian economy for two years after it sent troops to Ukraine.