Once upon a time, integrated circuits (ICs) were built by the same companies that designed them. The design of an IC was tightly integrated with the manufacturing processes available within each ...

Businesses are all over the map when it comes to how their processes work. If you thought that the business process re-engineering (BPR) wave of the 1990s sorted all of this out, you’re wrong. A lot ...

When Chris Kalani started at Facebook in 2011 he was one of 20 designers at the company. Two years later there were 100, and keeping track of everyone's work was a logistical nightmare. “There were a ...

Following in the footsteps of the other review programs at the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Office of Pharmaceutical Science, the Office of Biotechnology Products (OBP) is currently in the ...

Appropriate use of sound science applied at critical junctures will improve efficiency in the high-wire act of drug development. Pharmaceutical companies walk a tightrope in early drug development.

Process design kits consist of a set of files that typically contain descriptions of the basic building blocks of the process. They are expressed, algorithmically, as Pcells. These descriptions are ...

Formulation development can involve several complex technical challenges, but an approach incorporating design of experiments can help address these difficulties. All pharmaceutical drug products are ...

Process validation is crucial for ensuring the quality of final products and the safety of these processes for manufacturing personnel and consumers in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and ...