This repository contains a Jupyter notebook that explores the concept of confounding variables in causal inference. The notebook provides both theoretical explanations and practical coding examples to ...

Welcome back to our series of articles sponsored by Intel – “Ask a Data Scientist.” Once a week you’ll see reader submitted questions of varying levels of technical detail answered by a practicing ...

Confounding of three binary-variable counterfactual model with directed acyclic graph (DAG) is discussed in this paper. According to the effect between the control variable and the covariate variable, ...

In many disciplines, mediating processes are usually investigated with randomized experiments and linear regression to determine if the treatment affects the outcome through a mediator. However, ...

If you read a lot of animal behavioral studies, you quickly discover that researchers and veterinary practitioners live in two different worlds. Researchers have the luxury of eliminating or ignoring ...

The epidemiological concept of confounding has had a convoluted history. It was first expressed as an issue of group non-comparability, later as an uncontrolled fallacy, then as a controllable fallacy ...